Weeds AR Wild Episode 10 Row Rice Weed Control Welcome to the Weeds AR Wild podcast series as a part of Arkansas Row Crops Radio. My name is Tommy Butts, Extension Weed Scientist for the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture. Joining me today for this podcast is Dr. Jarrod Hardke. Today we’ll be discussing some row rice weed control recommendations and we’re going to try to hit on a few different topics including overlapping our residuals, watching water management and then basically just expecting an extra application for successful season-long weed control in our row rice acres. Tommy: The first thing that I really wanted to hit on and I think Jarrod is going to add a couple of things here and there, but residuals is an absolute must in row rice to basically stop any of our weeds from ever getting out of the ground. We can have a lot more successful management if we stop those weeds or at least reduce the number of weeds that are emerging that we have to deal with from a post emergence perspective. So residuals become very critical and our overlapping and the timing of that is very critical. So we always recommend to overlap our residuals, especially as we’re getting later in the season here that we need to have fourteen day intervals between our residuals. Some of our research has shown that if we push that to a twenty one day interval that wille result in escapes and then we have to play catch-up all year trying to get those weeds under control because they broke through and we didn’t catch them with that second overlapping residual. Jarrod: I’ll jump in there Tommy on the timing. That’s what we’ve seen in the plot research with trying to go faster. It still goes back to some planting date concerns. The earlier we’re able to plant, again you got a guy planted the first of April and it’s cool and it’s wet, residuals maybe going to hang around a little longer, maybe you can play it out a little further, depending on when they got activated and all that stuff and when you’re going to get your next chance at activating the overlapping residuals, again get a little bit later, we’re talking obviously being into May now and beyond. You get, with the heat from here on, you get to twenty one days between activation, you’ve let the cat out of the bag. And it’s too much. Again we’re talking a month ago and maybe you’re trying to stretch a little bit more row rice, but let’s get it out of the way out of the gate. You don’t have a flood to stack on top. You don’t get to go out there and hit some misses and injure them pretty bad and then stick a flood on them to bury them. You don’t get that option. So going back to this timing is, especially from here on out for the year, being really fast with the overlaps and try to push it to the point that we can fertilize and start watering and get this rice to take off. Tommy: That’s exactly right. The big thing with row rice is that we got to get it to canopy and so that’s a lot more difficult without the flood to help as a control strategy in between that zone before we get that rice to canopy. Now we kind of have and extra time interval in there where we need to make up for that lack of flood with more herbicides so that we can get that rice to canopy. And then it basically, it may not eliminate all emergence but it drastically reduces the amount of weeds at that point once we get to canopy so it’s trying to fill more time without that flood which can be challenging. So on the residuals standpoint I typically always like to ? recommend and Jarrod and I just had a discussion about this with planting date but generally speaking I always like to start with off row rice acres with Command plus Sharpen and I’ve always just used a three fluid ounce per acre rate of Sharpen trying to get as much residual activity out of that Sharpen as possible. So as from a pre-standpoint that’s where I like to be. The Command is in there right off the bat to help with barnyardgrass. It is also really good with crabgrass which can be problematic in row rice. The Sharpen helps us a lot from a pigweed standpoint giving us a residual there. Even in areas where we have widespread PPO inhibitors resistance, Sharpen still gives us a little bit of residual. So it might not be anything to write home about, but even a little bit is better than nothing when it comes to battling Ppalmery row rice so it can go a long way there. And then also Sharpen is great from a residual standpoint on some of our annual sedges and other broadleaves and to me I like to have that Sharpen at that three fluid ounce pre rate. I think it’s a lot more effective there than if we try and save it and use it as a post emergence option where we can only spray a one fluid ounce per acre. Jarrod: On that Sharpen rate Tommy, this is kind of a question for you too as well as a statement because I like that three fluid ounce rate pre as well. It’s not quite this long but I usually like to think of Sharpen as a pre, you get roughly, assuming good activation, you get roughly a week an ounce out of it. It’s not quite, probably two and a half to three weeks out of three ounces is probably more accurate. Would you agree with that? Tommy: Yeah, one hundred per cent. That’s exactly what I would normally say to that. Again it’s variable like you said, but that three fluid ounce rate I typically expect if conditions are right we can get twenty one days out of it. If you back it off to a two ounce rate I wouldn’t expect more than two weeks out of it. Like you said a week an ounce is a fairly good estimation on that residual. Jarrod: So going back to that planting date concept again and what the focus should be depending on when we’re going in, so we’re in May now, so obviously we’re still not suppose to be that hot this next week, but more consistently warm, all that kind of stuff, from here whenever we get back to planting, that running Sharpen. I mean Command is always there every time. Command’s going out first shot period, the end. On the Sharpen side for me now the latter part of April and beyond, Sharpen needs to be in there, it’s pigweed time. When that application’s going out pigweeds are popping or will be. Again all the way back to when we were talking end of March, first of April, for probably three weeks plus, to it being warm enough to the first pigweeds popping. And then we get into, well do I really just need the Sharpen to burn some junk down or am I actually going to get enough from bumping that rate on up to get residual when the odds aren’t necessarily going to be there. But, I’m just talking pigweed there. You just mentioned that sedges and what it can do for some of that. The sedges if you do have a problem there, they are going to be popping early. So again just knowing your weed spectrum and your area of concerns so it’s not super simpley but if you’ve got pigweeds, don’t have so much a sedge problem, maybe you don’t need it until your later plantings to load up and go with, but if you’ve got sedges and you’re going to need some help, then it probably doesn’t matter when. Probably need the Sharpen in there. Tommy: I agree with all of that. But the other thing with Command and Sharpen that I always like to mention too you is our rates of Command out there. I think in a lot of instances honestly we could up our Command rate a little bit across a lot of our soils. A little bit of a flash of white is not a bad thing on our rice from Command. Obviously I’m not recommending to completely bleach the whole field absolutely white, that’s not good, but if you see a little bit of flash, that’s a good sign that Command got activated, that it’s working, that it’s holding back that barnyardgrass and so if you never see your rice flash at all I’d say you probably should be upping that rate a little bit, a couple of ounces or something. So I always like to mention that when we’re talking our Command rates out there. Jarrod: And we need to keep emphasizing there’s always the opportunity, at least on most of our soils, for the sequential Command approach. We don’t want to leave that out. Come in with some Command early and out at an early post with whatever else it may be going with to get out some more Command. Same thing, if I’m not seeing any whitening on my rice, I know I didn’t do a very good job with my Command rate application. There’s not enough out there to work on the grass if it’s not working on the rice a little bit. Tommy: And we’re highlighting that Command so strongly because it is so good for our barnyardgrass out there. And from our survey that we did this last fall on rice weed control, barnyardgrass in both flooded and furrow irrigated rice came to the top as being the number one problematic weed. It wasn’t even close, so we really put a lot of effort in both flooded and row rice on getting barnyardgrass under control. Palmer amaranth in that survey came in as number two and sedges came in as number three. So that’s why you’ll hear us talk a lot about those three weed spectrums, especially today in the podcast or at any of our other extension events, those seem to be the most driving weeds across our row rice acres. So we’re going to hit on those more today, as well as all three of those and we will have some more oddball weeds that come in later on too. Jumping back so we get out of the Command and Sharpen. Normally like I said I like that to be my first foundation residual right up there off the bat. When we come back after for that second application to the overlapping residual fourteen days later, there’s a whole mess of things we can do there. Like Jarrod mentioned in a lot of our soils we can potentially do a sequential Command application plus something else. If we’re in Clearfield or Fullpage, we can do the Newpath/Preface herbicides with Command. We can do a rRice oOne type of thing, Command and Prowl. I’m very fond of Prowl plus Bolero. It’s a great residual from a standpoint of barnyardgrass control. We also have no confirmed resistance in the state to those two herbicides. Barnyardgrass does not have confirmed resistance to those herbicides, so not only do we get great control we are also managing resistance concerns. And then also because again I kind of mentioned there’s random weeds that will come up in row rice that we’re not used to battling, probably Prowl and Bolero, both of those herbicides are pretty good for goosegrass control. So we’ve had several calls on trying to get that under control on our row rice acres, but that residual mix is a good option to try and get goosegrass under control out there as well. Jarrod: So with that timing some combination of just making sure we’re getting Prowl and Bolero and or Bolero out there on acres. We just don’t have resistance to it. You’ve already said there’s a bunch of combinations at this time and it could go Facet/Prowl and Facet/Bolero. I’ve put those two combinations kind of right in. opposite.Obviously, Wwe’ve got Facet resistance in areas so that’s a whole other conversation, do you really have that option to use still on acres. That’s a question, but I think those three combinations have continued to look excellent overall. I always go back to the Facet at least having some POST activity in addition to great residual for trying to keep it wet. Row rice hopefully getting rains or obviously rice has never been easier to flush than when we put it in rows than before. Not that we’re looking to do that but if Facet is still working in your areas and fields then I think that’s a great opportunity, I will go ahead and throw in there where possible, I do personally like to try to keep Facet out of herbicide resistant rice, meaning your Clearfield or FullPpages, I know that there are needs to work it in there at times where we need it but Facet is such a foundation in conventional rice that we have to have, that’s always been a concern of mine if we’re, ok, we’re properly rotating all the time but every time I’m growing rice it’s getting Facet or even two shots of Facet or every bit of it. Suddenly I’m not rotating Facet at all in my rice crop so that’s going to help spur things along, get again going like a Prowl and ? of Bolero if we can get it overlapped before anything comes up, great opportunity to try to leave Facet out of there. Tommy: I’m glad you brought Facet up Jarrod because Facet in our flooded acres I always like to recommend from a PRE standpoint out there with Command. It always seems to do so much better from a residual standpoint than trying to rely on POST. When we get to row rice Facet gets more challenging to me to place all the time as a general recommendation because it really almost depends on what weed spectrum you might have in that field so you kind of need to know what’s out there because like we talked about with barnyardgrass, to me I’d much rather have it on a residual side than a POST emergence side so it makes sense to try and move it up into your programs earlier on that aspect. But if you end up with a lot of other oddball weeds that we’ll talk about later, morningglories, groundcherry, sicklepod, dayflowers, stuff like that, Facet does a pretty good job POST on a lot of those, so sometimes it’s nicer to save Facet in row rice to try and help with some of that junk. Jarrod: That’s a great point. Tommy: So Facet is one of those where I just don’t have a hard and fast rule to consistently where to put that into your program. I think that one really, in row rice at least, really is based more on what your weed spectrum is out there. And like Jarrod mentioned from your resistance concerns, if you can get by without using it for a year, that’s great too because we can kind of rotate out of it a little bit and that’ll help from the resistance standpoint as well. And on the other side with Facet too, kind of like we talked about weeds, Facet also provides some good sedge residual material so it can help there from a residual standpoint. But like I said basically I think you need to know your weed spectrum out there and the densities and that kind of stuff to really place Facet in its best spot to get the most control out of it. So thank you for bringing that up Jarrod. So moving on we talked about basically our residuals there from a barnyardgrass and from a Palmer amaranth standpoint, sedges we’ve hit on a little bit of our residuals there but to go in more depth, if you have yellow nutsedge, so I just want to be key here, identifying what sedge we have is really critical because if we have yellow nutsedge vs annual flatsedge, the herbicides that control one over the other is very different. If we think we have one but we actually have the other, we’re going to miss it with the herbicide we select. So we need to make sure that we can identify if it’s yellow nutsedge or annual flatsedge right off the bat. Or from our field history we need to know which one we’ve had in that field before. So from a PRE standpoint if we know we have yellow nutsedge out there, League is probably our best PRE emergence option for managing that. The ALS chemistries is what always helps us get our yellow nutsedge under control. If we’re talking annual flatsedges or umbrella sedges, really Bolero always tends to be my number one for managing those from a residual standpoint and then followed closely behind by Sharpen. Sharpen is my number two and then Facet can add to the conversation. Facet by itself is not excellent by any means on those sedges, but it can add to the program if you’re mixing it with some of those other ones, or if you’re overlapping it with some of those other ones, so there is some activity there from that as well from a residual standpoint. POST for sedges if we have those break through escapes and we need to manage them, it goes back to kind of our ole standbys that we talk about in flooded rice. If we’ve got the annual flatsedges or umbrella sedges, Loyant or Basagran plus Propanil are our best options there. Which we’ll talk about Palmer control in a second here, but if it works out that you can balance this out, Loyant is great for both Palmer control and flatsedges so if you have both of those out there, Loyant is a great option to take care of both of those weed species. The Basagran and Propanil will burn back Palmer a little bit but isn’t excellent by any means so again going back to knowing your weed spectrum, what’s out there and being timely we can maybe kind of cut down on some applications hopefully if we select the right herbicides that can get both of those weeds under control at the same time. If we ID it’s a yellow nutsedge and not an annual nutsedgeflatsedge, again it goes back to we have to use our ALS chemistries, Gambit/Permit/Permit Plus, those kinds of things. Those will be the only ones that really can control yellow nutsedge completely. If you try and use a Basagran and Propanil or Loyant on yellow nutsedge it’s definitely not going to completely kill it, at least with one shot. You may get it after you do two or three shots of those but the one shot of Loyant or Basagran plus Propanil on yellow nutsedge isn’t going to completely kill it. Jarrod: So on the sedge, I know we’re talking POST right now but talking the Gambit/Permit/Permit Plus and we’ve written about some of this already but for the purpose of this here today we continue to get questions about using that set of products as a PRE, as PRE emergence so can you comment on using those as a PRE vs POST for what we’re trying to accomplish? Tommy: Yeah, most definitely. So Gambit/Permit/Permit Plus, I mean they all do have residual activity. They can be effective as a PRE emergence residual Jarrod: I call it more suppression most of the time Tommy: Yeah I’d say Gambit has really good residual. You get Permit/Permit Plus not so much Jarrod: Fair enough Tommy: They do have residual activity. You can get control out of them on like the weed species that we’re talking about. My big reasoning on why I don’t like to move Gambit or Permit or Permit Plus up into our PRE residual is because you effectively most likely will lose it as a POST option there because of max season use rates. So that’s typically again why I go back to, I like Sharpen up front as a PRE because a lot of the same weeds that Gambit/Permit/Permit Plus might go after from a residual standpoint, Sharpen can also get from residual standpoint and again we can use three fluid ounces of that PRE vs only one POST and then we save our ALS inhibitors for a POST emergence shot for any escapes. Just for an example Gambit is two fluid ounces per acre rate maximum for the year, if you put that all in your residual now you can’t use any Gambit/ PostOST to try and get yellow nutsedge under control if it blew through some things. So that’s the reasoning why I don’t like to move those up is simply from that standpoint of I like to have it as my option POST and make sure I eliminate anything that comes up. And if we go back to the yellow nutsedge thing, that’s why I recommend League from a PRE standpoint because that helps with yellow nutsedge residual, then you still have Gambit/Permit/Permit Plus POST to help with any escapes that might break through or basically a sequential shotck ? to knock those out. Jarrod: And it’s fun, something you mentioned the League for yellow and then you see, I’ve already seen it this year not long behind an activated League application, like just a scattered sedge plant here out or there because that’s not yellow nutsedge. Ok we’ve got something else out there lurking to battle. Tommy: That’s the fun thing with our sedges anymore is it’s not just one in the field, you normally probably have both, rice flatsedge and yellow nutsedge and now we’ve got the light white margined sedge moving in to different places so it ends up being a hodge podge of junk trying to get it under control. And then you factor that in with the grasses and it’s a fun time on the weed control side of things. Jarrod: It is, it’s never ending, never ending. Tommy: So that’s our recommendations on the sedge front. Again with really those recommendations apply in both row rice and flooded rice. It’s just with row rice again make sure that we’re getting everything activated appropriately and be prepared to have an extra application because we can’t send it to flood and stop them from germinating at that point. When we roll into our Palmer amaranth control, so this was our number two weed right behind barnyardgrass for row rice acres. Like we already mentioned Sharpen is basically our one and only option from a residual standpoint to really get any kind of activity on that, so we really have to have options and plan this ahead of time for our POST emergence products for managing Palmer. Now I typically start off, my recommendation is if can catch that Palmer early, I like to do Grandstand and Propanil as a tank mix. That tank mix is actually really good on small pigweed, it will do an excellent job at killing it. If they get a little bit large on you it probably won’t kill the pigweed, but it at least will burn it back pretty good and buy you more time to come back with your next application. Because with Palmer and row rice, it’s going to take multiple applications because of all the flushes we’re going to get and everything else, you’re going to expect at least two to three applications probably to successfully get Palmer under control. So I like that Grandstand/Propanil in that first early post shot. It does an excellent job on those small pigweeds and it buys you more time. Then after that, that’s when I like to follow it up with Loyant applications on some of those later flushes or anything that might break through that Grandstand/Propanil shot. And if we have less than six inch pigweeds we’ve recommended you can go down to eight fluid ounces of Loyant and still achieve excellent control and then that opens the door a little bit for maybe doing a sequential application. Doing an eight and follow it a couple of weeks later and we have a new flush with eight again as opposed to trying to do sixteen and sixteen because there’s a lot of injury concerns from that standpoint. Jarrod: So with the Loyant there, you’re just kind of rolling things together so if we’re going at, you mentioned eight ounces if we’re going after pigweed, what if we’ve got sedges and pigweed in the field, what kind of rates are we looking at there to try to cover ourselves on both? Tommy: Great point, thank you. So if we’re talking annual flatsedges and the umbrella sedge and for that matter white margined flatsedge, any of those if you catch it less than six inches you can do the eight fluid ounce per acre rate there too. So the eight ounce rate from Loyant will be excellent on both sedges and Palmer if they’re less than six inches. As soon as either one of those starts getting bigger, I start climbing that rate back up and if they get anywhere ten inches or above, I’m immediately back to that pint rate. So that’s a great point. Those two as long as you can catch them when they’re less than six inches, that eight fluid ounces will catch both of those really good. Jarrod: But the down side we’ve seen getting back to the pint rate is the injury risk does go up in that one so for me has been so environmentally dependent as to whether injury will show up or will not, it’s hard to, we can see the pint rate run and never see a thing out of it and the guy right down the road run it and a few days later a little different and see some more injury so when we can again catch weeds early, get them small, just added reason, to not only save money on a lower rate but get better control and reduce injury risk. Tommy: That’s right and it should, again, when we’re talking Palmer in row rice, we already expect it to take multiple shots on that and if you can do the eight ounce and catch them when they’re early it gives you that extra shot because there’s definitely no way that we would recommend trying to run sequential sixteens of Loyant. That’s just absolutely going to be completely dangerous. And so if you have to run that pint rate because your pigweed got too big, now you’re losing that second back end shot that you could potentially have. So that again being timely, trying to use that eight, it helps with crop injury and it also opens that door for a late pole POST shot if you need it to get Palmer under control. From there that’s our main barnyardgrass, sedge, Palmer control recommendations in row rice. One of the last things as far as weeds go, I want to mention is we get a lot of calls on oddball random weeds that we don’t normally have to deal with in rice. Maybe we deal with them in some of or other crops, soybean, cotton, those kinds of things and now that rice is becoming a basically up blendupland fully furrow irrigated crop when we grow it in row rice, we get some of these weeds to pop up. Things like morningglory, groundcherry, sicklepod, dayflower, all those kinds of things all of a sudden become Jarrod: I love my sicklepod calls. It still freaks me out to get a call on sicklepods. Been years since we worried about much in beans. And then now to get calls on them in rice. Where they been hiding? Tommy: That’s right. Honestly. I had some in my trial last year. It’s just crazy to see it growing amongst rice. It’s a weird concept. So we get calls on these and I won’t go into detail on all of these because it’s a little bit, which herbicide is best is a little bit different for each one of those, but generally things like Facet we already talked about. Grandstand, Regiment, Gambit. Normally those herbicides are our best options to successfully control those. And really the best thing I can tell you is to look in our either the Furrow Irrigated Rice Handbook that was recently released again this year. We have some recommendations in there for some of those weeds, as well as our MP44. We have the row rice weed response ratings table in there now in the rice section. So we have a specific table for some of those extra weeds and what we recommend for control or suppression or is just is not recommended at all on for some of those herbicides and those different weeds. So like I mentioned some of those, generally speaking, those herbicides can cover most of those but the ones that are most recommended and best, look at those tables to really get the best recommendations for your specific situation. And again, we kind of talked about this already but with the diversity of weeds that we’ll have in row rice fields anymore, we talked about our big three of barnyardgrass, Palmer and sedges, but then the diversity with all the other oddball weeds, we really have to expect it’s going to take an extra application in our row rice acres to get a complete season long control, so on average we’re typically expecting four herbicide applications to go out across our row rice acres to make sure we keep it clean. So just kind of expect that too. There may be some extra herbicide application cost in there. Application cost and herbicide cost for that matter. So just be prepared for that too throughout the year while you’re managing row rice. Jarrod: And that’s still be added reason to push for the overlapping residuals you may have the cost of the added trips across the field but residual herbicides are cheaper than POST herbicides. And always going to be more effective at keeping them from coming out of the ground instead of a rapidly growing weed already emerged, so the one thing I do have to keep in mind, we talked about before applications and stacking residuals and overlapping, there’s still the game to be played of not running out of options when you get down to like finally trying to get canopy up and there is this balancing act I could almost argue that in a row rice situation, always talk about planting early and the best yield potential and all those things. I can almost argue that row rice should not be planted extremely early because it’s going to take a long time to come up, so you’ve already burned a residual, the rice may not even be up and the first residual’s gone and you’re coming back and when we don’t have a flood the rice doesn’t get as tall. Never canopies as fast or as well just because of not being in a flooded environment, those things so definitely a balancing act as we kind of learn how to best manage our row rice situation. Tommy: Yeah and along those lines I think it becomes even more critical again to know our field history and scout appropriately so we know those specific weeds out there that we can select herbicides that best suit that environment. We definitely can’t get away with just doing some blanket recommendations in row rice because there’s going to be something that breaks through it, so making sure you know what’s out there and what’s coming up and then you can appropriately select herbicides to manage those. That would help trying to cut down any cost there as well or cut down applications as you can select the best ones that maybe cover multiple weed species, but you got to know what’s out there and know your field history to be able to do that. Jarrod: I’ll even argue if you’re going into growing row rice with the mentality that you’re just going to keep it table top clean, you’re going to have to learn to go by that field with blinders on or something, you can even with good scouting and good herbicide combinations and attempts, there are going to be some things and spots that you just miss a little bit of something in those fields and we can spend all the money in the world and never get it completely under control. It’s going after the things you got to get control of your combinations and if you have a few escapes, that’s just going to be part of it. Again you don’t have the flood, at least not on a whole field. I don’t know we may be backing water up in the bottom but not on the whole field. You just, again you can’t stack water on it and finish them off. In a lot of cases you’re going to have a few things make it by and that’s going to have to be ok. Tommy: And along those lines I did want to hit on the water management side of things a little bit. The one thing I always like to start off right away is make sure when you’re running your water down your furrows that you’re running enough water down those furrows to completely wick across whatever bed size you have. Because from a residual standpoint to get them fully activated that whole bed has to be completely saturated or wicked across there to make sure we’ve got the appropriate moisture and even from a POST emergence standpoint we want to make sure that that whole bed has enough moisture that some of those POST herbicides like Clincher or Ricestar are going to work to their maximum effectiveness as well. If you don’t completely wick across that bed, right at the top of that bed there’s going to be an opportunity for a lot of weeds to make it through just because the herbicide was not as active there. Which also technically speaking could lead to some more metabolism based resistance because they’re just not as effective, they’re still getting the same dose, so there’s a whole range of problems there just because we didn’t manage that water as effectively as we should either, so that becomes a pretty critical part of our row rice weed control as well. Jarrod: Yeah, I like to see once the rice, of course it’s wet right now, it’s hard to do anything at the moment but generally speaking once rice has emerged in row rice, it’s time to start getting the pipe rolled out. You hopefully won’t need it for just a little bit, but not to be that much more on time and ready to go so that as soon as we get right there at the point we can put some fertilizer out, make that herbicide application at that time and start going with some water, we’re ready and can get them fully wicked and you mentioned wicking across the beds. I mean we certainly, every field is a little different, once the slope down the field, would it be a straight levee field or a contour, meaning does it have some side slope to it or not. All those things that are going to affect the bed width we can truly effectively use but to generalize on the silt loam soils, we’re still sticking at roughly thirty inch bed. Can you get away with a little wider on some fields, absolutely, but on a lot of the prairie and things like that a little steeper, not really, the water’s going to move down the field too fast to effectively wick a much wsider bed. You move on to your clays, a thirty eight to forty plus inch bed, yes and I’ve seen guys push that even a little wider and again a really flat clay field, a lot of them are really flat, but you know you can wick those through but again watch your water volume, are you running twelve hundred gallon per minute water output or are you running three thousand? I mean there’s all these differences so just going back to what you said Tommy to just making sure that you feel like you can wick those beds all the way through and even beyond the comments you already made, when you’re not wicking into the middle, you’re hurting your rice yields and you could potentially get that Mohawk affect from your rice where it doesn’t yield or you drought stress it and blank it out, but you can also end up with kind of a mini levee there where you can get a rainfall event just enough to get some grass or other weeds growing on top, they don’t mind being abused as much as our rice does up there so they’ll start to flourish and then we’re behind on them and away we go, and suddenly we’re into this ugly mess but yeah the water management is always key. But again, it’s key but at the same time there’s a million ways to do it. You can backwater up at the bottom but let me go ahead and remind everybody, don’t back it up very much too early. That’s a huge stress and I know the fields that have been backed up too early when that rice was too small because they’ll be shoulder high on me at harvest time and I’m not small. It should not be shoulder height on me it should be waist high. I’ve walked in those fields and the yield’s off the bottom and it all grew vegetatively and burned a lot of energy, so we certainly want to back up and hold water where we can. It’s to our advantage because rice will tolerate it. But beyond that we’re just trying to keep everything wet and just not drought stress the rice and just keep everything moving along. Tommy: Yeah, exactly right. So just kind of to summarize everything real quick. Overlap andping residuals is key on those fourteen day intervals. The big thing is you’re going to have probably an extra application cost especially for trying to manage the big three: barnyardgrass, Palmer and sedges and then all those other oddball weeds. And then making sure that we can manage that water effectively to have the proper moisture out there to activate all those herbicides is pretty key. And you may have noticed throughout but just to highlight it, Jarrod and I basically mentioned across the row rice acres out there, there is no one size fits all option. What might work on one farm is going to be completely different on someone else’s farm and heck, what works on one field might be completely different from someone else’s same farmers field. So it’s really dependent, you got to find what works best in your situation. But these are some of the things that we can definitely take away that our best case scenarios that have worked really well on all of our research trials. So definitely things that should be picked and choose, these are the things that have come to the top that have worked most effectively. So I guess with that Jarrod do you have anything else that you wanted to add? Jarrod: No I think I’m pretty good. We’ve covered it all that I’m worried about. Hope everybody has a rice day. Tommy: Perfect. So the last thing and we already mentioned it, but again if you need more information on row rice weed control, please see either the Furrow Irrigated Rice Handbook that’s available or grab our MP44. We do have the whole rice section and we also have included this year the row rice weed response ratings table, so that’s available as well this year. I also want to tell you thank you for joining us and listening to our Weeds AR Wild podcast series. We appreciate everyone that continues to listen. Next week please join Dr. Tom Barber as he hosts and discusses residual herbicide activation, specifically how much moisture does it take to really fully activate our different residual herbicides and when is the crucial time that that moisture is needed. So once again thanks for joining us for this episode of the Weeds AR Wild podcast series on Arkansas Row Crops Radio.