1 00:00:13,890 --> 00:00:20,670 Welcome to Around the Homestead podcast, where we share information on topics from gardens to goats, 2 00:00:20,670 --> 00:00:29,400 our aim is to provide small farmers and landowners valuable education on projects that may arise around the homestead. 3 00:00:29,400 --> 00:00:34,500 Whether you have been on the homestead all your life or you have just began the farm lifestyle. 4 00:00:34,500 --> 00:00:39,450 We hope you garner helpful tips to make your rural lifestyle most rewarding. 5 00:00:39,450 --> 00:00:51,490 Now here are host Brad McGinley and Shaun Rhoades. Well, welcome to Around the Homestead Podcast, on this episode, we have a real treat for you. 6 00:00:51,490 --> 00:00:56,400 I think we appreciate you joining us. You know, 7 00:00:56,400 --> 00:01:02,160 it's that time of year when everybody's got fishing on their mind and the weather's 8 00:01:02,160 --> 00:01:07,550 warming up and everybody wants to get out there and catch some fish and. 9 00:01:07,550 --> 00:01:11,120 You know, Shaun, one of the the main questions, I guess, 10 00:01:11,120 --> 00:01:21,860 if I could list all the questions that I've got as a county extension agent in the top, make a top 10 list-- pond. 11 00:01:21,860 --> 00:01:26,450 algae would definitely be in the top 10 for sure. 12 00:01:26,450 --> 00:01:36,860 Yeah, that's for sure, we get those questions all the time, and it's not always they don't always say I've got pond algae. 13 00:01:36,860 --> 00:01:42,570 Yeah, I'm just green stuff in my pond and I can't fish. 14 00:01:42,570 --> 00:01:52,940 And I got slime on my hook or whatever. So today we're going to talk a little bit about how to control pond algae and what what causes it. 15 00:01:52,940 --> 00:01:58,400 And we've got a special guest on the Around the Homestead podcast today, Mr. George Seldin. 16 00:01:58,400 --> 00:02:05,660 He's a University of Arkansas Pine Bluff aquaculture and fisheries specialist and he's joining us today. 17 00:02:05,660 --> 00:02:11,570 And George, we're glad you've glad you've joined us for today. 18 00:02:11,570 --> 00:02:18,050 I'm very happy to be here. And thank you for the introduction. I wish you'd tell my wife I was special. 19 00:02:18,050 --> 00:02:21,500 Well, we can what we to work on that for you. 20 00:02:21,500 --> 00:02:30,560 Oh, George, you know, we get a lot of questions as county extension agents about, you know, pond weeds or algae and in farm ponds. 21 00:02:30,560 --> 00:02:42,260 And first off, I think just like you identified, any other problem is, is what is algae and what what causes that issue in ponds? 22 00:02:42,260 --> 00:02:48,680 Well, I'll back up just a minute before I get to that. The call always comes in as moss. 23 00:02:48,680 --> 00:02:55,040 I have moss in my pond and the one plant it never will be is Moss. 24 00:02:55,040 --> 00:03:00,260 But if you have a you have a combination of sunlight, water and nutrients, 25 00:03:00,260 --> 00:03:11,170 which it's mostly ponds in this state are fairly nutrient loaded, especially if people let live stock in them. 26 00:03:11,170 --> 00:03:18,610 Vegetation today, we'll talk about algae, which which comes in three different forms. 27 00:03:18,610 --> 00:03:26,350 You have to just basically planktonic algae that gives your your your color your pond a nice green color, 28 00:03:26,350 --> 00:03:31,660 the bloom in which your fish feed and just kind of makes it look a little green and soupy. 29 00:03:31,660 --> 00:03:39,040 And then we have a plant that sometimes gets confused to plants that sometimes get confused with higher plants, 30 00:03:39,040 --> 00:03:45,260 Charra, Nutella, which are both macro algae, but they look like higher plants, but they're actually an algae. 31 00:03:45,260 --> 00:03:55,450 But the real problem and I've been getting calls for the past month on it, among other weeds, is the filamentous algae. 32 00:03:55,450 --> 00:04:01,870 The worst one and probably the most common one is Kafar. Kind of the way I 33 00:04:01,870 --> 00:04:05,590 like to describe it is if you grab a handful of it and squeeze the water out, 34 00:04:05,590 --> 00:04:10,390 you kind of it's like you got a piece of steel wool or a Brillo pad. 35 00:04:10,390 --> 00:04:15,580 It's got some real structure to it. And it's it's just kind of that's just gross. 36 00:04:15,580 --> 00:04:24,910 And there are pictures available. And before I forget, we do have a publication MP556 which talks about aquatic vegetation control. 37 00:04:24,910 --> 00:04:31,450 And it does have some pretty good pictures in it to start your identification, because before you do anything, 38 00:04:31,450 --> 00:04:36,190 you really got ID what you're dealing with and then you can narrow in on solutions. That's true. 39 00:04:36,190 --> 00:04:43,600 Yeah, we have we do have some great publications on our on our website and we'll link those 40 00:04:43,600 --> 00:04:49,240 on our Web page on or around the Homestead podcast Web page and you can access those. 41 00:04:49,240 --> 00:04:54,460 So George, now that you've identified, we know that we've got some pond algae. 42 00:04:54,460 --> 00:05:01,590 How do we manage that and how do we prevent that from happening or how do we treat that? 43 00:05:01,590 --> 00:05:11,520 Well, the chances of preventing it from happening are really remote, honestly, if you if you managed to prevent the filamentous algae, 44 00:05:11,520 --> 00:05:16,620 what it will do is a shift to something else, which maybe is what you want, 45 00:05:16,620 --> 00:05:22,090 the standard treatment to kill algae in the most effective algaeside out there. 46 00:05:22,090 --> 00:05:27,600 Still copper sulfate or one of the copper products in your neck of the woods. 47 00:05:27,600 --> 00:05:32,040 It's unlikely you're going to be using copper sulfate crystals simply because your alkalinity 48 00:05:32,040 --> 00:05:37,440 in your in your ponds is typically really low because you don't have a lot of limestone, 49 00:05:37,440 --> 00:05:44,250 a lot of watershed ponds. And if you put copper sulfate in a pond with low alkalinity, 50 00:05:44,250 --> 00:05:50,230 then you're going to make somebody happy because you're going to buy a new fish because you've killed all your fish with copper toxicity. 51 00:05:50,230 --> 00:05:55,770 But there are other products out there. They're referred to as copper complexes. 52 00:05:55,770 --> 00:06:00,780 There's several different formulations in the MP44 on page 152 53 00:06:00,780 --> 00:06:17,170 because I had to look it up yesterday, is I've listed a pretty fair, pretty complete list of all the herbcides 54 00:06:17,170 --> 00:06:22,060 but people can do comparison shopping because when they search for herbicides and outsides, 55 00:06:22,060 --> 00:06:25,570 they can do it online because there's none of it, none of these are restricted use. 56 00:06:25,570 --> 00:06:29,290 That makes it a lot easier to comparison shop because these things tend to be pretty pricey. 57 00:06:29,290 --> 00:06:33,640 But in your neck of the woods for filamentous algae control, 58 00:06:33,640 --> 00:06:42,310 you're typically going to be looking at one of the copper complexes and you should plan on treating every 59 00:06:42,310 --> 00:06:49,030 10 to 14 days whenever you see it popping up simply because you're going to be battling it all season. 60 00:06:49,030 --> 00:06:55,330 If you have reasonable expectations that you're going to be battling it, you stay on top of it. 61 00:06:55,330 --> 00:07:00,570 You don't wait for it to become a problem. I see. 62 00:07:00,570 --> 00:07:11,800 So what about, you know, if we're going to use those copper complexes or what about the actual application of those in a pond situation, 63 00:07:11,800 --> 00:07:16,330 sometimes I know that can be a little bit challenging for homeowners. 64 00:07:16,330 --> 00:07:21,270 Yeah, they're your options. 65 00:07:21,270 --> 00:07:28,980 When it's up around the shore bank and it's in shallow water, you can use something as low tech as one or two gallon and sprayer, 66 00:07:28,980 --> 00:07:35,880 you follow label recommendations on mixing it per gallon and you just spray it, 67 00:07:35,880 --> 00:07:42,630 spray what plant you can reach as it as you can reach it for a whole pond treatment. 68 00:07:42,630 --> 00:07:52,380 And you're looking at using something like weighted-trailing hoses in which you've got a johnboat with with a spray rig on it and some some hoses 69 00:07:52,380 --> 00:08:02,100 that hang down into the water and you try to pump the herbicide to just above where the weed that is and kind of go from there and there. 70 00:08:02,100 --> 00:08:10,920 There's actually a couple of pages on building one in five, five, six, and I have a better one out of Florida that I can certainly email out. 71 00:08:10,920 --> 00:08:17,850 These things are not too terribly complex. You just have to make the investment of a couple of hundred bucks and decide that, well, 72 00:08:17,850 --> 00:08:26,010 I'm going to have to I'm going to have the best equipment or the most appropriate equipment I can have to treat these submersed weeds. 73 00:08:26,010 --> 00:08:28,050 But for the stuff around the shoreline, 74 00:08:28,050 --> 00:08:35,940 break out the hand sprayer and and just treat around the edges because a lot of your fish and people, that's where the problem is anyway. 75 00:08:35,940 --> 00:08:42,070 You know, as it gets deeper, you know, it's less likely to have the plants growing, which is good. 76 00:08:42,070 --> 00:08:44,490 It's typically going to be growing around the edges. 77 00:08:44,490 --> 00:08:49,290 And that's where you can reach with a hand sprayer and that's where your leuer is going to get snagged up anyway. 78 00:08:49,290 --> 00:08:52,880 So you don't have to make it more difficult than it is. 79 00:08:52,880 --> 00:08:55,600 There's there's better ways to do it, but you don't have to make it too difficult. 80 00:08:55,600 --> 00:09:05,640 And the thing you need to do is just try to try to make an effort, start treating with appropriate algaecide a herbicide and and go from there. 81 00:09:05,640 --> 00:09:10,230 You know, you talked a little bit about alkalinity and low alkalinity. 82 00:09:10,230 --> 00:09:20,190 Are there ways that landowners or, you know, can get their ponds tested for alkalinity so they can know that if they can treat that or not? 83 00:09:20,190 --> 00:09:26,620 Sure. Typically, I mean, I know the. 84 00:09:26,620 --> 00:09:30,700 Yes, it'll be a lot more detailed than you want. 85 00:09:30,700 --> 00:09:39,100 I mean, you might be testing your water for livestock and that's going to have a whole range of of things to test. 86 00:09:39,100 --> 00:09:47,110 If it's just one sample, you can just grab a clean water bottle, rinse out a couple of times, grab a sample and probably give it to you. 87 00:09:47,110 --> 00:09:49,450 Then you mail it to me. 88 00:09:49,450 --> 00:09:58,510 But these alkalinity test kits, I think there are test strips available that aren't too terribly expensive on Amazon and just your neck of the woods. 89 00:09:58,510 --> 00:10:01,570 You're just going to have soft water anyway. Yeah. 90 00:10:01,570 --> 00:10:07,070 So I can pretty much guarantee what, especially if you look at a pond and it's kind of muddy and it never settles. 91 00:10:07,070 --> 00:10:12,190 That's a real indication that you got some soft water before. 92 00:10:12,190 --> 00:10:18,340 I should say that, that I mentioned copper as a treatment. It's not the only treatment. 93 00:10:18,340 --> 00:10:21,250 There's there's another algaecide out there that's pretty good. 94 00:10:21,250 --> 00:10:27,310 The sodium carbonate peroxide hydrate, there's there's about a half dozen to a dozen different formulations. 95 00:10:27,310 --> 00:10:30,790 And what it does is it when you apply it to the water, 96 00:10:30,790 --> 00:10:37,980 the crystals or the pellets turn to hydrogen peroxide and they kill they kill the algae that they contact with. 97 00:10:37,980 --> 00:10:53,140 It's just they tend to be more expensive and most people don't use them. And I will sorry, I will mention that tilapia can be used to control algae. 98 00:10:53,140 --> 00:10:56,830 If you if you have high enough populations in your bass, 99 00:10:56,830 --> 00:11:05,650 don't really go after him and you're willing to have them die every November, they they take their time, but they can be effective. 100 00:11:05,650 --> 00:11:09,880 And sometimes they're a nice little option if people just want to use something 101 00:11:09,880 --> 00:11:14,710 that's not a algaecide and they also want to be able to feed some bass. 102 00:11:14,710 --> 00:11:23,800 But, you know, that's just another option. So I don't want people thinking that your only option is copper sulfate or copper complex's. 103 00:11:23,800 --> 00:11:32,620 OK. What about the last time we get questions about grass, carp is grass carp. 104 00:11:32,620 --> 00:11:43,010 An option for controlling algae, there is a retired professor at Texas A&M that one time when he was in grad school, 105 00:11:43,010 --> 00:11:48,490 he had some fingerling grass carp. They want to say probably about two inch fish. 106 00:11:48,490 --> 00:11:57,500 And he stocked them at a rate of five thousand per acre. At that rate, they did eat the off from. 107 00:11:57,500 --> 00:12:06,800 That's other than that grass carp are going to turn their nose up at it, and even if they manage to munch on a little of it, they will never control it. 108 00:12:06,800 --> 00:12:11,690 I do recommend stocking grass carp for a whole host of other reasons, 109 00:12:11,690 --> 00:12:17,330 but if you expect them to control your filamentous algae, you're going to be sadly mistaken. 110 00:12:17,330 --> 00:12:29,190 And unfortunately, that's just the way it is, and now for Arkansas, you got to stock triploid anyway, and so there'll be a little pricier here. 111 00:12:29,190 --> 00:12:45,090 George is there any --- that grass carp, can help with. 112 00:12:45,090 --> 00:12:50,070 In general, if it's fibrous or immersed, they tend not to like it. 113 00:12:50,070 --> 00:12:55,320 There is a response rating in the MP44 for grass carp, grass, 114 00:12:55,320 --> 00:13:00,870 carp will eat watermeal and duckweed to the heart's content, but they will never control it. 115 00:13:00,870 --> 00:13:05,550 So that's kind of like an in-between where they have a preference but they don't control it. 116 00:13:05,550 --> 00:13:13,590 The stuff they have preference for, like Southern Naiad or sago pond weed or some of the other pond weeds or Geria. 117 00:13:13,590 --> 00:13:20,520 hydrilla, they love. They love charra and talented, soft, succulent under the water plants. 118 00:13:20,520 --> 00:13:30,150 They will go after them and tend to control them pretty well if given enough time and if the bass don't eat them. 119 00:13:30,150 --> 00:13:41,670 But the stuff that's up and out of the water, cattails, lotus lilies, they just kind of turn their nose up at it and they won't touch it. 120 00:13:41,670 --> 00:13:45,450 One side. It may be a side benefit or a drawback of grass. 121 00:13:45,450 --> 00:13:50,730 Carp is that when they eat plants, they kind of swoop them up and they grind them a little and it goes in there 122 00:13:50,730 --> 00:13:56,710 and their digestive tract and a lot of the nutrients come out the back end. 123 00:13:56,710 --> 00:14:06,940 Ready to go to plant growth. They typically will go to like phytoplankton so grass carp could stimulate a phytoplankton bloom, 124 00:14:06,940 --> 00:14:13,630 which might improve your fishing and also have some other benefits for some people if they really want clear water. 125 00:14:13,630 --> 00:14:18,190 That's not something they're looking for. But you can't have everything. 126 00:14:18,190 --> 00:14:24,800 Yeah. You know, you mentioned something I was getting to is when we talk about. 127 00:14:24,800 --> 00:14:30,160 Pond weed issues , my most common over here in western Arkansas. 128 00:14:30,160 --> 00:14:38,560 So is watermeal. Yeah, everybody seems to fight watermeal during the summer and. 129 00:14:38,560 --> 00:14:47,350 You know, it's hard to come up with a good answer to that, because I think some people try and it does real good, but it comes right back. 130 00:14:47,350 --> 00:14:50,530 Well, you've got a plant that's that's really small. 131 00:14:50,530 --> 00:14:58,480 And a lot of times with watermeal, it's going to be growing with duckweed and oftentimes mosquito fern. 132 00:14:58,480 --> 00:15:04,540 So you get that trifecta. They are controllable. 133 00:15:04,540 --> 00:15:10,600 If you use a contact herbicide, you're going to knock it back, but you're going to be treating it all year to systemic. 134 00:15:10,600 --> 00:15:20,270 Tend to be they take longer. If you have a larger pond, you don't want to use the systemics because you're having to treat the whole water volume. 135 00:15:20,270 --> 00:15:30,050 And that can get pricey. If you go for a 10 acre cattle pond that's three foot deep, it's manageable if you've got a 20 acre reservoir. 136 00:15:30,050 --> 00:15:36,110 You know, and especially you're going to start pumping out of it, you've got a whole host of other reasons why you don't want to do that. 137 00:15:36,110 --> 00:15:42,580 Fortunately, there's a fact sheet that came out last year that I wrote. 138 00:15:42,580 --> 00:15:47,910 For the life of me, I'm blanking on what the number of it is, I want to say, it's FSA-95, 26 (FSA-9626) or something, 139 00:15:47,910 --> 00:15:56,340 I can look it up, but there is a fact you can give to your to give to your stakeholders and or they can download 140 00:15:56,340 --> 00:16:02,490 it and kind of give them a primer on what the herbicides are out there for small ponds. 141 00:16:02,490 --> 00:16:09,120 I've had real good luck with Fluridone. It's not supposed to be highly rated for it for the watermeal part of it. 142 00:16:09,120 --> 00:16:14,280 But I've just had good luck. And if you give it enough time, you're good to go. 143 00:16:14,280 --> 00:16:20,040 Yeah, I have it great with it. And it seems to be more of the affordable end of that, 144 00:16:20,040 --> 00:16:26,310 even though especially since there's more formulations out there, you can do some comparison shopping. 145 00:16:26,310 --> 00:16:35,460 I will mention that if it's strictly a watermeal pond and if you have some patience, goldfish can be quite effective. 146 00:16:35,460 --> 00:16:40,470 I think the stocking rates about thirty five pounds to the acre of mixed sex. 147 00:16:40,470 --> 00:16:46,650 And if you don't have bass predation after about a couple of years, goldfish can really clean up a lot of that water. 148 00:16:46,650 --> 00:16:52,000 They tend to love it. They don't touch the duckweed, but they will they will go after the water meal. 149 00:16:52,000 --> 00:16:59,780 So that's a biocontrol out there that can be very helpful. 150 00:16:59,780 --> 00:17:07,750 And they're pretty cheap and they're and they're grown. Arkansas grows a [INAUDIBLE] of a lot of goldfish. 151 00:17:07,750 --> 00:17:19,030 You know, the folks about the time, the time. Those goldfish, are they available at, you know, with the the fish trucks or wherever? 152 00:17:19,030 --> 00:17:24,820 Where do you where would you purchase those at? For me, 153 00:17:24,820 --> 00:17:28,510 I would go to the grower up in Paragold 154 00:17:28,510 --> 00:17:34,960 and dip them out of his vats when he isn't looking. But it's out of date. 155 00:17:34,960 --> 00:17:41,860 But there is a sportfish suppliers guide. I think the latest one we did was I want to say 2012. 156 00:17:41,860 --> 00:17:46,750 So it's a little out of date, but most guys are still in business and that's a downloadable publication. 157 00:17:46,750 --> 00:17:55,900 I can email it and then you could just it's listed by species and then you call them and kind of haggle out of price. 158 00:17:55,900 --> 00:18:03,460 And then depending on how many you're getting, you either go get them or or they might bring them to you. 159 00:18:03,460 --> 00:18:11,950 There's a whole host of ways. That thing I have heard with fish trucks going around, I think they probably do have goldfish on them. 160 00:18:11,950 --> 00:18:22,180 If you find a neighborhood bait shop that has goldfish, maybe they bring a special order in for you because you get, you know, 30, 40 pounds worth. 161 00:18:22,180 --> 00:18:29,750 You know, there's a couple of different ways to go about this. 162 00:18:29,750 --> 00:18:38,870 So, George, if if you were, you know, on the front end, if if we had a listener out there that was thinking about building a pond, 163 00:18:38,870 --> 00:18:45,390 let's say they're going to build a pond, is there something they could do on the front end to help prevent? 164 00:18:45,390 --> 00:18:52,430 Weed pressure or algae, Watermeal. well or not prevent, 165 00:18:52,430 --> 00:18:58,410 but reduce the chances of the first thing I would say is get your soil maps and make sure 166 00:18:58,410 --> 00:19:05,070 you have enough clay because you have no idea how many calls I get for leaky ponds. 167 00:19:05,070 --> 00:19:10,140 So first, say, let's make your pond, but make sure your holds water before it starts. 168 00:19:10,140 --> 00:19:13,830 filling spread a bunch of agricultural limestone on it. 169 00:19:13,830 --> 00:19:24,510 That'll help with the alkalinity. Try to give yourself a three to one slope to get it down to three feet as quickly as possible because below 170 00:19:24,510 --> 00:19:31,200 three feet you can shade out the bottom and eliminate your weed growth there with a with a greater slope, 171 00:19:31,200 --> 00:19:37,260 you reduce the amount of amount of area that you can get plants growing. 172 00:19:37,260 --> 00:19:42,930 It's about control and light penetration and getting it in, 173 00:19:42,930 --> 00:19:51,260 avoiding these shallow areas where weeds grow. During the wintertime, using an aquatic dye just to turn it. 174 00:19:51,260 --> 00:19:58,620 A nice pretty blue can go a long way. You put it out in December, January, and they'll carry into March. 175 00:19:58,620 --> 00:20:00,810 But as long as you have water flowing out, 176 00:20:00,810 --> 00:20:07,470 but that'll shade at that bottom area and relieve the pressure that you're going to face coming that spring, 177 00:20:07,470 --> 00:20:14,850 really take a year-round approach to your pond where you know you're going to get stuff. 178 00:20:14,850 --> 00:20:19,260 What you had in the past is always going to be a good indication of what you're going to have in the future. 179 00:20:19,260 --> 00:20:26,490 So if you know what herbicide you're going to use, have that on hand so you can start treating early. 180 00:20:26,490 --> 00:20:36,930 I get calls in August where, you know, a pond is filled up with fill in your own weed. 181 00:20:36,930 --> 00:20:46,810 Well, I mean, if you have in August, you had it in April, you know, if you treated it there, you've got a small spot that you can kind of manage. 182 00:20:46,810 --> 00:20:51,180 There's no excuse to let it get to where it takes over the whole pond. You know, it's not going to be. 183 00:20:51,180 --> 00:20:58,810 I think there's one way that I can really think of that is a real problem in Arkansas that has a senescence period during the summer. 184 00:20:58,810 --> 00:21:03,720 Everything else just tends to grow and grow until October. 185 00:21:03,720 --> 00:21:09,180 So when it gets cold and it gets dark and then it'll shut itself down for a while. 186 00:21:09,180 --> 00:21:14,120 But but you have stuff on hand and treat early, you know. 187 00:21:14,120 --> 00:21:19,040 Get get stuff, if you see stuff popping up now that you know is going to get. 188 00:21:19,040 --> 00:21:28,580 That was their last year. Treat it now, you know, it might only take a short squirt or a handful of a granular herbicide just is not going to take much. 189 00:21:28,580 --> 00:21:33,870 And if you stay on top of it, your results are always going to be just a lot better. 190 00:21:33,870 --> 00:21:40,290 Sure, sure, well, George, we appreciate you joining us today on around the Homestead podcast. 191 00:21:40,290 --> 00:21:47,550 And as always, you know, if you have porn leads or any other issues, 192 00:21:47,550 --> 00:21:53,100 your local county extension agent can help identify what those weeds are in your pond. 193 00:21:53,100 --> 00:21:58,170 Some of the maybe they're algae or maybe they're some of those other weeds that George was talking about 194 00:21:58,170 --> 00:22:06,600 and get you to contact your local county extension agent and get a picture or text him a picture, 195 00:22:06,600 --> 00:22:10,530 email him a picture, whatever you can do to get those weeds identified on the front end. 196 00:22:10,530 --> 00:22:17,130 And we can help you kind of make a plan to work toward controlling those weeds in your pond. 197 00:22:17,130 --> 00:22:22,080 So, again, George, we appreciate you joining us today on around the Homestead podcast. 198 00:22:22,080 --> 00:22:30,180 And hopefully we'll be we'll probably be contacting you again about another episode in the in the near future, I'm sure, any time. 199 00:22:30,180 --> 00:22:35,910 My pleasure. All right. Well, that's it for today on Around the Home, that podcast. 200 00:22:35,910 --> 00:22:42,510 We hope you'll join us on our next episode. We'll see you on the phone. 201 00:22:42,510 --> 00:22:48,600 We hope you enjoyed this episode of Around the Homestead podcast to learn more about today's topic. 202 00:22:48,600 --> 00:22:52,990 Be sure to visit our website at uaex.uada.edu 203 00:22:52,990 --> 00:23:21,652 Be sure to join us next on Around the Homestead podcast!